我们关于黄草乌和维西乌头的重测序的工作最近发表在BMC Plant Biology, 我们对150个乌头（A.vilmorinianum）进行了重新测序，其中102个来自栽培园，48个来自野外黄草乌，以及9个野生维西乌头样本。通过进化树和种群结构推断，我们检测到了A.vilmorinianum（黄草乌）的种群内分化。我们鉴定了47个DA生物合成基因，这些基因可能与基于全基因组重测序的DA特化高度相关。在这些基因中，616个显著的SNP和105个显著的InDels可以被开发为多态性分子标记，能够有效地识别A.vilmorinianum和A.weixiense（维西乌头）。这是我前面乌头基因组工作的继续（JIPB | 云大/重医附属儿童医院联合揭示乌头属植物中二萜生物碱合成基因起源与演化机制）。

在这项研究中，唯一的遗憾是没有对这些植株做乌头碱鉴定。同时维西乌头（低毒但有乌头碱）作为剧毒黄草乌的近缘物种，在野外几乎很难找到。维西乌头的基因组信息可为以后低毒甚至无毒的安全的药食两用乌头培养开发有重要的参考价值。

这是我们组博后代艺博士和四川农科院吴一磊博士的联合分析结果，恭喜代艺和一磊。乌头基因组项目开始于5年前与云南大学赵大克老师在昆明植物园元宝山上的一次长聊，几多波折，终于把乌头相关数据都整理出来发表了。

Whole-genome sequencing revealed genetic basis of diterpenoid alkaloid difference in Aconitum vilmorinianum

• Published: 12 February 2025

• Volume 25, article number 184, (2025)

Abstract

Background

Aconitum is an important medicinal genus widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, which produces types of diterpenoid alkaloids (DA) among different species. We performed whole genome resequencing (WGS) research in Aconitum spp., and wish to find diterpenoid alkaloids related genetic variations.

Results

In this study, we re-sequenced 150 Aconitum vilmorinianum (A. vilmorinianum) including 102 from the cultivation garden and 48 from the wild, as well as nine wild samples of Aconitum weixiense. The intra-population differentiation of A. vilmorinianum was detected by evolutionary tree and population structure inference. We identify 47 DA biosynthesis genes that might be highly associated with the specialization of DA based on whole-genome resequencing. Of 616 significant SNPs and 105 significant InDels among these genes could be developed as polymorphic molecular markers capable of effectively recognizing A. vilmorinianum from A. weixiense. Furthermore, the significant SNPs and InDels were almost homozygous alternates in A. weixiense, whereas they tended to be homozygous references in the A. vilmorinianum.

Conclusions

Our results discussed the difference in genetic background in A. vilmorinianum compared to A. weixiense and these high-quality DA biosynthesis-associated polymorphic locus provided useful genetic information for discrimination of A. vilmorinianum and could serve as a vehicle to study the mechanism of DA differentiation in Aconitum.